Title: Interactive Simulation - Part 2

Equilibrium Question 1

Q: From the moment you pump particles into an empty, closed system, the average speed of the particles remains constant over the first 30 seconds.
A: false

Explanation

From the initial state to the final state of the system, there is a transition phase. In our simulation, we see the particles enter at a high velocity but as they begin to fill the space more homogenously, a constant average velocity is reached.

The final state is reached when the system reaches equilibrium.

I.e. this is when the system properties remain approximately constant.

Equilibrium 2

Q: In system equilibrium, describe the particle movement.
- Particles are all moving at different velocities; however the average particle velocity remains more or less constant. (correct)
- Patricles are all moving at the average velocity.
- Half of the particles are moving at a constant higher velocity, and the other half are moving at a constant lower velocity. The average velocity is the average between these two velocities.

Energy related to Particle Velocity

Choose the correct statement.

- Increased particle velocity leads to increased energy of the system.

This can be achieved through increasing the temperature or increasing the pressure of the system. (correct)
- Increased particle velocity leads to increased energy of the system.

This can be achieved through increasing the temperature or increasing the volume of the system.
- Increased particle velocity leads to increased pressure of the system.

This can be achieved through increasing the temperature or increasing the volume of the system.
- Increased particle velocity leads to increased temperature of the system.

This can be achieved through increasing the pressure or increasing the volume of the system.

Temperature and Pressure Relation

Drag the words into the correct boxes.

Q: For a closed system:

Adding heat to the system leads to an [...] in pressure.

Similarly, taking heat out of the system leads to a [...] in pressure.

We also saw that adding too much heat into the system caused the container to [...] due to the amount of pressure exerted on the container walls.

Once the lid had come off and the closed system became an open system, the number of particles in the system decreased. This led to a [...] in pressure.
A: increase; decrease; burst; decrease

Q: In the simulation, we were dealing with an ideal system. Can you think of some assumptions that were made?
A: Possible answers:

- No heat loss through the walls of the system to the surroundings (i.e. an adiabatic system)

- No momentum losses through collisions of particles (momentum completely conserved)

- Particles travelling through a completely homogenous medium (or in vaccuum)