Title: Recap: Transportation and Conversion

Transportation of energy commodities

Fill in the missing words

Q: One can transport [...] in pipelines and barges in form of Liquified [...] (LNG).
Its liquefaction [...] process is energy intensive. In this liquid state, the gas has an around 600 times [...] volume than in its gaseous state.

The transportation of Coal is in comparison an [...] task. Coal is mostly transported using [...] at land or via ships and barges over waterways. This is due to its high [...].

[...] is another energy commodity with low energy density to weight ratio.
A: natural gas; Natural Gas; compression; smaller/reduced; easier/easy/simpler/simple; rail/trains; density/weight; Biomass
  Hint: A gaseous energy carrier
  Hint: Smaller or bigger?
  Hint: Harder or easier?
  Hint: A means to transportation over land
  Hint: A renewable energy carrier

On conversion processes

Fill in the missing words

Q: [...] processes enable for the modification of the chemical composition of an energy carrier in order to facilitate the transportation. List the three mentioned conversion paths here:

- [...]
- [...]
- [...]

Pyrolysis is an example of a [...] conversion process. These processes involve an [...] temperature and [...] oxygen content in the process environment. The Fischer-Tropsch-Synthesis is an example of a [...] conversion process. It enables for the conversion of, for example, syngases into liquid synthetic fuels (synfuels). [...] or compostation are biochemical processes in which bacteria or [...] drive the conversion.
A: Conversion/Transformation; Thermal/Chemical/Biochemical; Thermal/Chemical/Biochemical; Thermal/Chemical/Biochemical; thermal; elevated/increased/higher; controlled/lower/low; chemical; Fermentation; fungi/enzymes
  Hint: Name one of the three mentioned conversion paths
  Hint: Name one of the three mentioned conversion paths
  Hint: Name one of the three mentioned conversion paths

Natural gas market, transportation risks

Q: The U.S. and European natural gas markets are fully integrated
- False, but this market moves towards a better integration. (correct)
- False and there is not much hope that we will ever have a better integration.
- True, LNG has disrupted the worldwide natural gas market and we achieved a near-optimal integration.

Q: Regarding risks and uncertainty associated with the transport of energy commodities, the following are famous hotspots:
- The Indian Ocean, the Strait of Hormuz, the Strait of Malacca, the Caribbean. (correct)
- The Gulf of Mexico, the Strait of Hormuz, the Malaysian sea, the British Virgin Islands.
- The Strait of Hormuz, the shore of Peru, the Mozambique channel.